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Implementation
of class template.
C++ Class templates - Feb 05, 2009 at 18:10 PM
by Anuja Changede
Implementation of class template.
Generic classes are useful when a class uses logic that can be generalized. We
can create a class template which defines all the algorithms that a class will
use. The actual type of data will be specified as a parameter when objects of
that class are created. For example, algorithms which maintain stack of
integers will also work for stack of characters. So we can have a class
template for stack and compiler will automatically generate the correct type of
object, based upon the type we specify when the object is created.
Consider following class template for stack:
#include <iostream>
const int SIZE = 100;
template <class StackType> class stack
{
StackType st[SIZE];
int top;
public:
stack()
{
top = -1;
}
void
push(StackType ob)
{
if (top == SIZE)
{
cout <<”Stack Full \n”; return;
}
st[++top] = ob;
}
StackType pop()
{
if (top == -1)
{
cout <<Stack Empty \n”;
return
0;
}
return
st[top--];
}
};
int main()
{
int i; //Integer Stack
stack
s1;
s1.push(10);
s1.push(20);
s1.push(30);
for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)
cout<< s1.pop()<<”\n”; //Character Stack stack
s1;
s1.push(‘a’);
s1.push(‘b’);
s1.push(‘c’);
s1.push(‘d’);
for(i
= 0; i < 4; i++)
cout<< s1.pop()<<”\n”; return 0;
}
As we can see, we have class template for class stack and program uses it for
int and char stacks. Compiler will create two versions of this class template
for int and char respectively and they will be used to create objects of those
data types.
Also read
Function template defines a general set of operations that will be applied to
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the.....................
A template function overloads itself as needed. But we can explicitly overload
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