Shutting Down with the IMMEDIATE Clause - Oracle DBA

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• Nirja Shah   -Posted on 25 Aug 15
  -To initiate database shutdown, use the SQL*Plus SHUTDOWN command.
  -Control is not returned to the session that initiates a database shutdown until shutdown is complete
  -There are several modes for shutting down a database.
  -Thay are as follows:
  
  -Shutting Down with the NORMAL Clause - It is used to shut down the database in normal situations. Syntax is SHUTDOWN NORMAL.
  -This clause is optional because it is the default shutdown method if no clause is provided.
  
  -Shutting Down with the IMMEDIATE Clause - It is used to shut down the database immediately.
  -Syntax is SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
  -It is used to shutdown the database only in the following situations
  1. To initiate an automated and unattended backup
  2. When a power shutdown is going to occur soon
  3. When the database or one of its applications is functioning irregularly and you cannot contact users to ask them to log off or they are unable to log off.
  
  -Shutting Down with the TRANSACTIONAL Clause - This is used when you want to perform a planned shutdown of an instance while allowing active transactions to complete first.
  -Syntax is SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL
  
  -Shutting Down with the ABORT Clause - You can shut down a database instantaneously by aborting the database instance.
  -If possible, perform this type of shutdown only in the following situations:
  -The database or one of its applications is functioning irregularly and none of the other types of shutdown works.
  1. You need to shut down the database instantaneously (for example, if you know a power shutdown is going to occur in one minute).
  2. You experience problems when starting a database instance.
  -Syntax is SHUTDOWN ABORT

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