Physical Geography - Lithosphere - MCQs with answers - Part II
1. Consider the following statements and identify the right ones.i. After the March equinox, the sun moves southwards.
ii. On the summer solstice, northern hemisphere will have the shortest day.
a. I only
b. ii only
c. both
d. none
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: d. none
After the March equinox, the sun moves northwards and on 21st of June, it lies vertically overhead at the tropic of cancer. This is called the summer solstice. Consequently, the northern hemisphere experiences the longest day and shortest night.
i. After the March equinox, the sun moves northwards.
ii. On the summer solstice, southern hemisphere will have the shortest day.
a. I only
b. ii only
c. both
d. none
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: c. both
After the March equinox, the sun moves northwards and on 21st of june, it lies vertically overhead at the tropic of cancer. This is called the summer solstice. Consequently, southern hemisphere will have its shortest day and longest night.
i. The sun is overhead at the tropic of capricorn on June 21st.
ii. On the winter solstice, southern hemisphere has its longest day.
a. I only
b. ii only
c. both
d. none
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: b. ii only
The sun is overhead at the tropic of capricorn on the 22nd of December. Consequently, the southern hemisphere has its longest day and shortest night. The winter solstice also marks the beginning of summer in southern hemisphere and winter in northern hemisphere.
i. The shape of the earth is called geoid.
ii. The oblate shape of the earth is caused by centripetal force.
a. I only
b. ii only
c. both
d. none
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: a. I only
The Earth has its own shape called the geoid. The term geoid itself means earth shaped. The oblate shape is caused by centrifugal force of rotation of the earth.
i. Primary waves vibrate perpendicular to the direction of motion of energy.
ii. Secondary waves vibrate in the same direction of the motion of energy.
a. I only
b. ii only
c. both
d. none
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: d. none
Primary waves are longitudinal waves and they vibrate in the same direction as that of the motion of energy. Secondary waves are transverse waves and vibrate in the a perpendicular direction to the motion of energy.
a. Iron, oxygen, silicon, magnesium
b. Oxygen, iron, silicon, nickel
c. Oxygen, silicon, magnesium, iron
d. Iron, oxygen, magnesium, silicon
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: a. Iron, oxygen, silicon, magnesium
The Earth is made up of various elements of varying proportions. Of all elements, the share of iron is the highest that is 35 %. Oxygen covers 30%, silicon 15 %, magnesium 13%, nickel 2.4 %, sulphur 1.9 %, calcium 1.1% ,aluminium 1.1% and others 1.0% of the Earth's elements.
a. Oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron
b. Oxygen, iron, silicon, nickel
c. Oxygen, silicon, magnesium, iron
d. Iron, oxygen, magnesium, silicon
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: a. Oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron
While iron has a greater share in the whole Earth, oxygen has the highest share of 46% in the earth's crust. Silicon covers 28%, aluminium 8%, iron 6 %, magnesium 2%, calcium 4 %, potassium 2.3%, sodium 3% and other elements consists 1% of the earth's crust.
i. Basalt is an example for extrusive igneous rock.
ii.Granite is an example of intrusive igneous rock.
a. i only
b. ii only
c. both
d. none
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: c. both
Igneous rocks, also known as the primary rocks are considered as parents of all other rocks. Extrusive igneous rock forms out of the magma erupting of volcano and its solidification on reaching the surface of the earth. Intrusive rocks are formed by the same solidification, but at moderate depths beneath the surface of the Earth where cooling is slow.
a. hard
b. compact
c. fossil free
d. all the above
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: d. all the above
Igneous rocks are massive and have no layers. They can be light coloured or dark depending on the proportion of silica present in it. If it contains high proportion of silica, it will be an acid and high proportion of basic oxides make them appear dark and denser.
a. batholiths
b. sills
c. dykes
d. all the above
View Answer / Hide AnswerANSWER: d. all the above
The rock bodies of an igneous rock consists of all the above including laccoliths and stocks. While batholiths, the largest intrusive rock bodies, form the cores of world's mountain system, batholiths covering smaller areas are stocks. Laccoliths are formed between layers of sedimentary rock near the earth's surface. Dykes are formed by the passage of liquid material through cracks and sill is formed between two rock layers.
