Research Methodology and Tools notes for MCA

Research Methodology and Tools notes for MCA

Research is a tool which helps the manager to identify, understand and solve management problems. Research improves the decision making ability of the manager. The objective of the subject is to create scientific attitude towards solving a management problem and impart knowledge about tools available for carrying out research.

Fill in the blanks:

Data originally collected for an investigation are known as _______

pre- tested
Primary data
collection
secondary data
illustrative

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Fill in the blanks:

Process of assembling primary data is called _________

collection
Primary data
pre- tested
secondary data
illustrative

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Fill in the blanks:

Most statistical analysis rests upon __________

Primary data
collection
secondary data
illustrative
pre- tested.

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Fill in the blanks:

Questionnaire method cannot be used when the Informants are ________

Primary data
pre- tested
illustrative
collection
secondary data

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Fill in the blanks:

Before the questionnaire is finally printed it should be _________

pre- tested
Primary data
secondary data
illustrative
collection

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Secondary data are generally used in those cases where the primary data do not provide an adequate basis for analysis.

True
False

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Secondary data do not need much scrutiny and should be accepted at their face value.

True
False

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Questionnaire should be accompanied with a covering letter.

True
False

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The difference between primary and secondary data is only one of degree.

True
False

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Secondary data

(i) should never be used.
(ii) should be used after careful scrutiny.
(iii) no scrutiny is required while using it.
(iv) while scrutinizing. The only thing to see is who collected It.
(v) none of these.

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Tick the correct answer:

The number of questions in questionnaire should be

(i) 5
(ii) 20
(iii) 15
(iv) 50
(v) as small as possible keeping in view the purpose of the survey.

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While editing primary data, we have only to see that the Information contained in questionnaire is

(i) complete
(ii) consistent
(iii) homogeneous
(iv) accurate
(v) all of these

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Primary data are

(i) always more reliable; compared to secondary data
(ii) less reliable compared to secondary data
(iii) depends on the care with which data have been collected
(iv) depends of the agency collecting the data
(v) none of these

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Some sources of secondary data are

(i) International records of a firm's sales, production, etc.
(ii) the data obtained by a firm In a survey conducted by it
(iii) confidential records of the government
(iv) reports and publications of Central and State Governments
(v) none of these

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The type of research that helps in studying a particular situation or problem which is organization specific and is concerned only with the information needs of the decision-maker is called

a) Basic Research
b) Preliminary Research
c) Applied Research
d) Final Research

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Which type of research is designed to obtain a preliminary investigation of a new unique situation that leads to narrowing down the number of alternatives and later on focusing them to form hypothesis?
a) Exploratory
b) Conclusive
c) Descriptive
d) Experimental

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Which element of a research proposal deals with non-technical description of the data-collection method, measurement instruments, sample and analystical techniques?
a) Technical appendix
b) Research Approach
c) Executive summary
d) Background

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A researcher skilled in self-administered questionnaires would tend to use that technique even where a focus group technique would be more appropriate. What kind of problem does the above statement denote?

a) Turning’s Syndrome
b) Down’s Syndrome
c) Politically Motivated Research
d) Favoured Technique Syndrome

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In which of the following sampling methods, sampling units are selected on the basis of convenience or judgment?

a) Probability Sampling
b) Non-Probability Sampling
c) Cluster Sampling
d) Random Sampling

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The technique of extracting useful, novel and understandable patterns from database is known as

a) Data mining
b) Data addition
c) Data insertion
d) Data inclusion

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Identify the most appropriate method of interview that is conducted to elicit information from consumers such as consumer attitudes and motivation that is difficult to obtain through direct interviews.

a) Projective Technique
b) Association Technique
c) Focus Group Interview
d) Depth Interview

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In what type of projective technique, the respondent is required to respond to the presentation of a stimulus and the researcher notes down what come out from the respondent.

a) Completion Technique
b) Construction Technique
c) Association Technique
d) Expression Technique

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In what type of conclusive research does the research attempt to specify the nature of the functional relationship between two ro more variables in the problem model?

a) Casual Research
b) Descriptive Research
c) Experimental Research
d) Exploratory Research

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The report which contains information on different aspects such as age, sex, education and occupation is know as

a) Commercial Information
b) Consumer Purchase Data
c) Census Data
d) People Meter

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The different informations like sales reports, accounting records, inventory reports, budgets, profit and loss statement are collectively know as:

a) Internal Data
b) Commercial Information
c) Advertising Data
d) Census Data

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While collecting data from an external source, the researcher should take cre to ensure that the source follows the same measurement system. What kind does this statement highlight regarding secondary data evaluation?

a) Credibility
b) Integrity
c) Reliability
d) Pertinence

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What type of surveys are used to measures changes in attitude, knowledge and behaviour of the consumer?

a) Periodic Surveys
b) Panel Survey
c) Shared Surveys
d) Audit Surveys

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Which of the following is an advantage of secondary data?

a) Relevance
b) Inexpensive
c) Accuracy
d) Availability

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Fill in the blanks:

A sample is a study of _____________ of the population.

part
totally
probability
decreases

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Fill in the blanks:

A population is the _____________ of limits under study.

part
totally
probability
decreases

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Fill in the blanks:

Random sampling is also referred to as __________ sampling.

probability
decreases
Non-sampling
corollary

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Fill in the blanks:

The sampling error usually ________ with Increase in sample size.

part
totally
probability
decreases

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Fill in the blanks:

__________ errors are likely to be more In case of complete enumeration Survey.

probability
decreases
Non-sampling
corollary

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Fill in the blanks:

The Law of Inertia of large numbers is ___________ of the Law of Statistical regularity.

probability
decreases
Non-sampling
corollary

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A sample is less expensive than a census.

True
False

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Non-sampling errors are usually more difficult to control and detection than sampling errors.

True
False

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Sampling errors are present both in a census as well as a sample survey.

True
False

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The results obtained in a census study are always more reliable than those obtained in a sample study.

True
False

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Judgement sampling is a type of probability sampling method.

True
False

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Non-sampling errors can occur in any Survey. Whether it be a complete enumeration or sampling.

True
False

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When population under investigation is Infinite we should use the

(i) sample method.
(ii) census method
(iii) either census or sample method
(iv) None of these.


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Sampling errors are present only in

(i) complete enumeration survey.
(ii) sample
(iii) both census and sample 'surveys.
(iv) neither sample nor census

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The term 'errors' in statistics refers to

(i) mistakes.
(ii) bias.
(iii) both mistakes and bias,
(iv) difference between the value of a statistic and that of the corresponding parameter.
(v) none of these.

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Precision of a random sample

(i) increases directly with increase in sample size.
(ii) Increases proportionately with sample size
(iii) Increases with the Increase In the sample size.
(iv) none of these.

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Non-sampling errors include

(i) bias
(ii) mistakes
(iii) both bias and mistakes
(iv) none of these

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An audit for mineral water would include general stores, bakeries, restaurants and pharmaceutical stores. Under which category of audits can it be classified?

a) Product audit
b) Store audit
c) Retail distribution audit
d) General audit

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In a focus group interview, an idea suddenly pops up rather than in an individual interview. This is:

a) Stimulation
b) Spontaneity
c) Snow Balling
d) Serendipity

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Which of the following can be useful to obtain data regarding television-viewing behavior of audience?

a) Census Data
b) People Meter
c) Commercial Information
d) Consumer Purchase Data

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Which of the following components in research proposal proved an idea bout the sample size for the research, data collection method and the use of analytical tools for the research?

a) Research Objectives
b) Literature Review
c) Schedule
d) Research Design

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Which of the following is a benefit of Unstructured Interview?

a) Flexibility to adapt the questionnaire toa particular situation.
b) Interviewer need not be highly skilled in questioning the interviewee.
c) Inflexibilty to adapt the questionnaire to a particular situation.
d) Phrasing of new questions is not required.

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Which one of the following is a MORE accurate interview method?

a) Mail Interview
b) Telephone interview
c) Personal interview
d) Computer interview

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A questionnaire which includes respondent’s identification, interviewer’s identification, date, place and the conditions of the interview is know as:

a) Classification questionnaire
b) Target questionnaire
c) Administrative questionnaire
d) Objective questionnaire

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In the process of developing a questionnaire, once the instrument strategy is planned, the next stage researcher needs to undergo after deciding the strategy is:

a) Construction of Questionnaire
b) Decididng the analysis plan
c) Pretest Individual Questions.
d) construction of the Instrument.

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The information required is available at conscious level and the respondent is willing to provide. What type of questions are the best option under the situation?

a) Undisguised
b) Disguised
c) Memory aid.
d) Hidden

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Sample control is possible in all the models of survey. In which mode of survey, sample control is quite easy?

a) Telephone survey
b) Mail survey
c) Personal survey
d) Computer survey

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Which one of the following analysis is NOT included in a behavioral observation method?

a) Nonverabal analysis
b) Lingusitic analysis
c) Spatial Analysis
d) Record analysis

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Identify the analysis which involves analyzing the sound of words of the person being observed.

a) Linguistic analysis
b) Spatial analysis
b) Record analysis
d) Record analysis

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This measure emotional reactions to various stimuli by measuring changes in the rate of perspiration. Identify the same.

a) Voice pitch analysis
d) Brain wave analysis
c) Eye tracking
d) Psycho-galvnometer

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According to Thurstone, the sum total of man’s inclinations and feelings, prejudice or bias, preconceived notions, ideas, fears, threats and convictions about any specific topic is known as:

a) Belief
d) Ethics
c) Attitude
d) Perception

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Fill In the blanks:

For constructing a graph, we generally make use of _____________ whereas a diagram is generally constructed on a ___________ Bar diagrams are dimensional diagrams.

graph paper. Plain paper
absolute, relative
None

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Fill In the blanks:

Bar diagrams are ___________ dimensional diagrams.

one
two
three
None

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Fill In the blanks:

Cartograms are used to give quantitative information on a _________

Demographical basis
Ecological basis
Statistical basis
Geographical basis

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Fill In the blanks:

Graphs of time series are called ____________.

Piechart
pictographs
flow charts
histograms

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Fill In the blanks:

Natural scale indicates ______________ change whereas ratio scale indicates ______________ changes.

absolute, relative
Piechart, pictographs
graph paper. Plain paper
None

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Point out which is correct: Diagrams are for _______________

(a) the use of experts.
(b) better mental appeal.
(c) None of these.

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The area of a rectangle is equal to the product of its length and width.

True
False

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Cubes are two-dimensional diagrams.

True
False

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A frequency polygon has more than four sides.

True
False

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A pie diagram is a circle broken down into component sectors.

True
False

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Data classified geographically or qualitatively cannot be presented on a line graph.

True
False

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